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<title>Wouter Hanegraaff</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wouter Hanegraaff</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Wouter Hanegraaff</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Wouter Jacobus Hanegraaff</div><br><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1961-04-10</span>) </span>10 April 1961<br><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Amsterdam, Netherlands</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="University_of_Utrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Utrecht">University of Utrecht</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Historian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Wouter Jacobus Hanegraaff</b> (born 10 April 1961) is professor of History of <a href="Hermetic_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermetic philosophy">Hermetic Philosophy</a> and related currents at the <a href="University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a>, Netherlands.<sup id="cite_ref-Religious_Studies_Project_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Religious_Studies_Project-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Science (KNAW) and an honorary member of the <a href="European_Society_for_the_Study_of_Western_Esotericism" title="European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism">European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism</a> (ESSWE), having served as its first president from 2005 to 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div>

<p>Hanegraaff was raised as the son of a theologian. He originally studied <a href="Classical_guitar" title="Classical guitar">classical guitar</a> at the Municipal Conservatory in <a href="Zwolle" title="Zwolle">Zwolle</a> from 1982 to 1987, then <a href="Cultural_history" title="Cultural history">cultural history</a> ("Algemene Letteren") at the <a href="University_of_Utrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Utrecht">University of Utrecht</a> from 1986 to 1990.

</p><p>From 1992 to 1996 he was a PhD Research Fellow at the department for the Study of Religions at the University of Utrecht, and from 1996 to 1999 held a postdoctoral fellowship from the <a href="Dutch_Research_Council" title="Dutch Research Council">Dutch Research Council</a> (NWO), during which time he spent a period working in <a href="Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2></div>

<p>In 1999 he was appointed professor of History of Hermetic Philosophy and Related Currents at the <a href="University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2002 to 2006 he has been president of the Dutch Society for the Study of Religion, and, from 2005 to 2013, president of the <a href="European_Society_for_the_Study_of_Western_Esotericism" title="European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism">European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism</a>. In 2006 he was elected member of the <a href="Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences">Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he is now an honorary member of the ESSWE.

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<p>Hanegraaff is a scholar of religion and intellectual historian whose work is focused on the study of esotericism in Western culture, from late antiquity to the present. His dissertation was the first academic attempt to analyze the belief systems of the <a href="New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> movement and place them in a broader historical context.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his 2012 monograph, he analyzed the history of pro- and anti-"esoteric" discourse, arguing that modern perceptions of the field (both in academia and wider society) are grounded in German Protestant and Enlightenment polemics against "superstition," "magic," "idolary," "the occult," or "the irrational."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A textbook on esotericism was published one year later, in 2013, and was replaced in 2025 by a greatly expanded and largely rewritten new version that focuses in particular on the implications of esotericism research for modern and contemporary understandings of "Western culture" as such.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>A more specific focus of Hanegraaff's work is the Hermetic literature and its reception. In 2005, in collaboration with Ruud Bouthoorn, he published the first complete edition with annotated translations and a large introduction, of the Hermetic writings of <a href="Lodovico_Lazzarelli" title="Lodovico Lazzarelli">Lodovico Lazzarelli</a> (1447–1500).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He argued that this neglected Hermetic author is of key importance not just for his intrinsic interest, but also because his writings force us to revise <a href="Frances_Yates" title="Frances Yates">Frances Yates</a>' famous narrative of "the Hermetic Tradition."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, Hanegraaff published a large monograph on the original Hermetic literature from late antiquity. With a strong emphasis on close textual hermeneutics, he argued that the Hermetic treatises should not be understood as contributions to philosophy but as the reflection of a living spiritual practice focused on the attainment of gnōsis through radical experiences of rebirth (palingenesia) and visionary ecstasy.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Next to many discussions of theoretical and methodological questions in the modern study of esotericism, Hanegraaff has published many articles and book chapters about a range of important but often neglected figures, texts, or traditions that fall under the wider umbrella of <a href="Academic_study_of_Western_esotericism" title="Academic study of Western esotericism">esotericism research</a>. All his work is grounded in textual study and hermeneutic analysis of primary sources, and marked by a special fascination with alterations of consciousness and more generally with the experiential dimensions of esoteric or Hermetic spiritualities.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partial_bibliography">Partial bibliography</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monographs">Monographs</h3></div>

<ul><li>-----<i>New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought</i>, Brill, Leiden 1996, <a href="State_University_of_New_York_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Press">State University of New York Press</a>, Albany 1998. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">

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</style><a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-90-04-10696-3</bdi>; <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-7914-3854-6</bdi>.</li>

<li>----- and R.M. Bouthoorn <i>Lodovico Lazzarelli (1447–1500): The Hermetic Writings and Related Documents</i>, Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Tempe, 2005.</li>

<li>-----<i>Swedenborg, Oetinger, Kant: Three Perspectives on the Secrets of Heaven</i>, The Swedenborg Foundation, West Chester, Pennsylvania 2007 (Swedenborg Studies Series, no. 18) <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-87785-321-3</bdi>.</li>

<li>-----<i>Esotericism and the Academy: Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture</i>, <a href="Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, Cambridge 2012, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780521196215</bdi>.</li>

<li>-----<i>Western Esotericism: A Guide for the Perplexed</i>, <a href="Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury</a>, London 2013.</li>

<li>-----<i>Hermetic Spirituality and the Historical Imagination: Altered states of knowledge in late antiquity</i>, <a href="Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2022. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781009123068</bdi>.</li>

<li>-----<i>Esotericism in Western Culture: Counter-Normativity and Rejected Knowledge</i>, <a href="Bloomsbury_Academic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomsbury Academic">Bloomsbury</a>, London 2025. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781350459687</bdi>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edited_volumes">Edited volumes</h3></div>

<ul><li>(ed., with Peter J. Forshaw & Marco Pasi), <i>Hermes Explains: Thirty Questions about Western Esotericism</i>. Amsterdam University Press 2019, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9789463720205</bdi>.</li>

<li>(ed., with Ria Kloppenborg), <i>Female Stereotypes in Religious Traditions</i>. <a href="Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill</a>, Leiden 1995, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-90-04-10290-3</bdi>.</li>

<li>(ed., with Roelof van den Broek), <i>Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times</i>. State University of New York Press, Albany 1998.</li>

<li>(ed., with <a href="Antoine_Faivre" title="Antoine Faivre">Antoine Faivre</a>), <i>Western Esotericism and the Science of Religion</i>, Peeters, Louvain 1998.</li>

<li>(ed., with Richard Caron, Joscelyn Godwin & <a href="Jean-Louis_Vieillard-Baron" title="Jean-Louis Vieillard-Baron">Jean-Louis Vieillard-Baron</a>), <i>Ésotérisme, gnoses & imaginaire symbolique: Mélanges offerts à Antoine Faivre</i>, Peeters, Louvain 2001.</li>

<li>(ed. in collaboration with Antoine Faivre, Roelof van den Broek, Jean-Pierre Brach, <i>Dictionary of Gnosis and Western Esotericism</i>, Brill, Leiden 2005. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-90-04-15231-1</bdi>.</li>

<li>(ed. with <a href="Jeffrey_J._Kripal" title="Jeffrey J. Kripal">Jeffrey J. Kripal</a>), <i>Hidden Intercourse: Eros and Sexuality in the History of Western Esotericism</i>. Brill, Leiden 2008.</li>

<li>(ed. with Joyce Pijnenburg), <i>Hermes in the Academy: Ten Years' Study of Western Esotericism at the University of Amsterdam</i>. <a href="Amsterdam_University_Press" title="Amsterdam University Press">Amsterdam University Press</a>, 2009.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Academic_study_of_Western_esotericism" title="Academic study of Western esotericism">Academic study of Western esotericism</a></li>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3></div>

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<li id="cite_note-Religious_Studies_Project-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Religious_Studies_Project_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2012" class="citation interview cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter (22 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/podcast/wouter-hanegraaff-on-western-esotericism/">"Wouter Hanegraaff on Western Esotericism"</a>. <i>The Religious Studies Project podcast</i> (Interview). Interviewed by Knut Melvær. Religious Studies Project Association<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Universiteit_van_Amsterdam_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2013" class="citation web cs1">Staff (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uva.nl/profiel/h/a/w.j.hanegraaff/w.j.hanegraaff.html">"dhr. prof. dr. W.J. (Wouter) Hanegraaff"</a>. <a href="University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222095847/http://www.uva.nl/profiel/h/a/w.j.hanegraaff/w.j.hanegraaff.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160131210527/https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/members/7164">"Wouter Hanegraaff"</a>. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/members/7164">the original</a> on 31 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff1995" class="citation thesis cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (1995). <i>New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought</i> (Ph.D. thesis). University of Utrecht.</cite>; <cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff1996" class="citation book cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (1996). <i>New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought</i>. Brill.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2012" class="citation book cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (2012). <i>Esotericism and the Academy: Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2013" class="citation book cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (2013). <i>Western Esotericism: A Guide for the Perplexed</i>. Bloomsbury.</cite>; <cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2025" class="citation book cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (2025). <i>Esotericism in Western Culture: Counter-Normativity and Rejected Knowledge</i>. Bloomsbury.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaffBouthoorn2005" class="citation book cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J.; Bouthoorn, Ruud (2005). <i>Lodovico Lazzarelli (1447-1500): The Hermetic Writings and Related Documents</i>. Tempe.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2015" class="citation journal cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (2015). "How Hermetic was Renaissance Hermetism?". <i>Aries</i>. <b>15</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">179–</span>209. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F15700593-01502001">10.1163/15700593-01502001</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2022" class="citation book cs1">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (2022). <i>Hermetic Spirituality and the Historical Imagination: Altered States of Knowledge in Late Antiquity</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div>

<dl><dd><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff1998" class="citation book cs1"> (1998). <i>New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought</i>. Leiden: Brill. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-9004106956</bdi>.</cite></dd>

<dd><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2012" class="citation book cs1"> (2012). <i>Esotericism and the Academy: Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0521196215</bdi>.</cite></dd>

<dd><cite id="CITEREFHanegraaff2013" class="citation book cs1"> (2013). <i>Western Esotericism: A Guide for the Perplexed</i>. London: Bloomsbury Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1441136466</bdi>.</cite></dd></dl>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wouterjhanegraaff.net">Wouter J. Hanegraaff Personal Website</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uva.nl/profiel/h/a/w.j.hanegraaff/w.j.hanegraaff.html?1556523254478">Personal Homepage at University of Amsterdam</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esswe.org/">European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism</a></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2594320#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2701" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2594320#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2701" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109400172">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/121613531">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtxf3BxRTXJxrVQXyJ4bd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/136795064">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n95022309">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12466576f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12466576f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Hanegraaff, Wouter J."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/MILV313528">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mub2012716591&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX1254928">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p08575112X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90840348">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000072964&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC202310287">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810702999405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/305081">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007262328605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14394468">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10523672?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/136795064.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/033850151">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/person/1db79207-0f40-42b5-a318-24a080b207c1">Yale LUX</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-28" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Wouter_Hanegraaff&oldid=1302928957">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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